I don't think "Samba Band" is a thing. There is not even a page in portuguese for it. Perhaps that page was referring Roda de Samba/Samba de Roda, the Samba Circle/Circle Samba (when "Circle" is the noun and "Samba" is the adjective, it refers to the ensemble, when it's other way around, it refers to the music genre).
While "Bateria" can also refer to the drums, as in the instrument Ringo Starr plays, here it describes specifically a big ensemble that is percussion only and must feature large instruments, thus a Bateria is not fit for small spaces. Baterias are common in sports and are a fundamental part of a Samba School (the ones that parade at Carnaval).
Here you can see an interactive player where you can enable and disable every instrument in a Samba School. There are also short videos with zoom-in details of the instruments. Baterias can (and most often than not, do) include other instruments, but I believe this is a good starting point. (BTW, this is a legacy page and it uses Flash, I couldn't get it to work neither on Archive.org, nor by downloading, but I can vouch that this is a 100% legit website that's still up and running and considered a trustful news source in Brazil).
The Bateria from a Samba School rehearsing for Carnaval:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpS0KFG38ds
The Bateria from a soccer team's croud in a stadium:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GJ0r6hQRGpk
As for Roda de Samba, it's an ensemble usually formed by regulars of some bar, who gather every week to drink beer and play samba. That being so, the instruments must be easy to carry around and the ensemble couldn't be nearly as big as a Bateria. Also it must contain non-percussive instruments as well, such as the guitar, the 7-string guitar (they both are considered different and play very different roles, the 7-string guitar will be strictly playing bass melodies called Baixarias, which derives from the word Baixo, Bass, and the regular guitar will only play the harmony), the cavaquinho, the bandolim and others. Instruments such as the trumpet often can be seen as well. Roda de Samba became a kind of a good comercial name for shows and DVDs, so if you want to try and find more examples, you can look for it's close cousin, the Roda de Choro. Choro is a genre that is not defined by it's rythm, which can be samba or other, but by the techniques used. In a Roda de Choro, percussion doesn't play a part as big as in samba, but you will still see the ensembles gather in bars, with the addition of flutes, clarinets, saxophones and others.
Here is a "stars" Roda de Samba:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwa2yqhUTBk
Here is a "regular" Roda de Choro, they even list the address of the bar they frequent in the comments:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZ6Bhhg4-fg
Here is a list of samba instruments in Wikipedia (portuguese only, but you may use google translator and the linked instruments pages' may have an english version):
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samba#Instrumentos_de_samba
Here is a lesson on what are/how to play the top 10 most important samba instruments (in portugues, but easy to understand what's happening) (you may also note that on the guitar part, he uses two different approaches, the regular and a quick melody one, that's the Baixaria, but he didn't use a 7-string guitar so he wouldn't have a Top 11, haha):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XNs14pQ6Gxc
[Off-Topic/Further Reading]
Here's a college music professor for a special (meaning really good edition and narration and subtitles, but all in portuguese) about João Gilberto about how he picked those instruments, added a few twists and gave birth to Bossa Nova. The video has really good edition/visualization, so even if it may only glance on a few of the previous topic, perhaps it can help people not familiar with those genres:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JhpX3XBidpc
A guy teaching the right hand of samba guitar, he shows how the percussion instruments are adapted to make the samba/bossa nova guitar sound (in portuguese, this guy is probably hard to understand, but his knowledge is so big that his demonstrations, muting the strings, are very good and you can actually tell which samba instrument he's emulating)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4-Xp5A92Cg
Mini Version
Normal
I don't think "Samba Band" is a thing. There is not even a page in portuguese for it. Perhaps that page was referring Roda de Samba/Samba de Roda, the Samba Circle/Circle Samba (when "Circle" is the noun and "Samba" is the adjective, it refers to the ensemble, when it's other way around, it refers to the music genre).
While "Bateria" can also refer to the drums, as in the instrument Ringo Starr plays, here it describes specifically a big ensemble that is percussion only and must feature large instruments, thus a Bateria is not fit for small spaces. Baterias are common in sports and are a fundamental part of a Samba School (the ones that parade at Carnaval).
Here you can see an interactive player where you can enable and disable every instrument in a Samba School. There are also short videos with zoom-in details of the instruments. Baterias can (and most often than not, do) include other instruments, but I believe this is a good starting point. (BTW, this is a legacy page and it uses Flash, I couldn't get it to work neither on Archive.org, nor by downloading, but I can vouch that this is a 100% legit website that's still up and running and considered a trustful news source in Brazil).
The Bateria from a Samba School rehearsing for Carnaval:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpS0KFG38ds
The Bateria from a soccer team's croud in a stadium:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GJ0r6hQRGpk
As for Roda de Samba, it's an ensemble usually formed by regulars of some bar, who gather every week to drink beer and play samba. That being so, the instruments must be easy to carry around and the ensemble couldn't be nearly as big as a Bateria. Also it must contain non-percussive instruments as well, such as the guitar, the 7-string guitar (they both are considered different and play very different roles, the 7-string guitar will be strictly playing bass melodies called Baixarias, which derives from the word Baixo, Bass, and the regular guitar will only play the harmony), the cavaquinho, the bandolim and others. Instruments such as the trumpet often can be seen as well. Roda de Samba became a kind of a good comercial name for shows and DVDs, so if you want to try and find more examples, you can look for it's close cousin, the Roda de Choro. Choro is a genre that is not defined by it's rythm, which can be samba or other, but by the techniques used. In a Roda de Choro, percussion doesn't play a part as big as in samba, but you will still see the ensembles gather in bars, with the addition of flutes, clarinets, saxophones and others.
Here is a "stars" Roda de Samba:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwa2yqhUTBk
Here is a "regular" Roda de Choro, they even list the address of the bar they frequent in the comments:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZ6Bhhg4-fg
Here is a list of samba instruments in Wikipedia (portuguese only, but you may use google translator and the linked instruments pages' may have an english version):
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samba#Instrumentos_de_samba
Here is a lesson on what are/how to play the top 10 most important samba instruments (in portugues, but easy to understand what's happening) (you may also note that on the guitar part, he uses two different approaches, the regular and a quick melody one, that's the Baixaria, but he didn't use a 7-string guitar so he wouldn't have a Top 11, haha):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XNs14pQ6Gxc
[Off-Topic/Further Reading]
Here's a college music professor for a special (meaning really good edition and narration and subtitles, but all in portuguese) about João Gilberto about how he picked those instruments, added a few twists and gave birth to Bossa Nova. The video has really good edition/visualization, so even if it may only glance on a few of the previous topic, perhaps it can help people not familiar with those genres:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JhpX3XBidpc
A guy teaching the right hand of samba guitar, he shows how the percussion instruments are adapted to make the samba/bossa nova guitar sound (in portuguese, this guy is probably hard to understand, but his knowledge is so big that his demonstrations, muting the strings, are very good and you can actually tell which samba instrument he's emulating)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4-Xp5A92Cg