For example:
TT string: "Edit #

{id}

". Here, the translator should not translate "id".
TT link: "Only

{doc|auto-editors}

can approve an edit.". Here, the translator should translator "auto-editors" but not "doc".

That is not too difficult. However, the relationship attributes use a syntax which looks similar but functions differently:

Given a string like "

{partial}

{live}

{instrumental}

{cover}

performances", you first need to convert it to "

{partial:partial}

{live:live}

{instrumental:instrumental}

{cover:cover}

performances" and then translate the bits after the colons.
"

{additional}

{translated:translator|lyricist}

" is another example. Here, the translator should translate "translator" and "lyricist".

Splitting the .pot file up will help here, but we need to make it clearer how to translate attributes in relationships. Unifying the syntax would also be nice.