This is technically two issues, but they're similar.

Label-Distributes-Label:

An example off the top of my head is Walt Disney Records. avex only distributes in Japan.

Label-Publishes-Release:

Examples include releases in Hong Kong / Taiwan / etc. with the same barcode, but published by a different local branch of Sony Music Entertainment. This would allow merging most of these releases with no data loss / ambiguation if the publisher's country can be specified, now that we have multiple release countries per release.